数据集成中的系统架构定义-CDA考试官方模拟题库

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According to the ISO/IEC 42010:2007 Software and Systems Engineering-Architecture Description which of the followingdescribes the definition of architecture:

A. the fundamental rules for ensuring the information captured in the architected solution is enforcing data quality and completeness

B. the fundamental organization of a system,and the principles governing its design an d evolution "

C. the fundamental collection of all artefacts that describes a system and how they work together

D. the fundamental view of how the system should be built and how it will be maintained

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ISO/IEC 42010:2007 Systems and Software Engineering – Architecture Description (2011) defines architecture as “thefundamental organization of a system, embodied in its components, their relationships to each other and the environment, and the principles governing its design and evolution.”

根据ISO/IEC 42010:2007《软件和系统工程-架构描述》的定义，架构的定义是指系统的基本组织及其设计和演化的原则。因此，正确答案是：

B: the fundamental organization of a system, and the principles governing its design and evolution

### 专业分析：
1. **选项A**：描述的是信息质量和完整性规则，虽然这在系统架构中可能是一个考虑因素，但它不是架构的定义。
2. **选项B**：准确地反映了ISO/IEC 42010:2007中对架构的定义，强调系统的基本组织以及设计和演化的原则。
3. **选项C**：描述了系统的所有工件的集合及其协作方式，这更像是架构描述的一部分，而不是架构本身的定义。
4. **选项D**：描述了系统的构建和维护视图，这也是架构描述的一部分，但不是架构的定义。

因此，选项B最符合ISO/IEC 42010:2007对架构的定义。